{"id":49284,"date":"2024-07-15T09:49:04","date_gmt":"2024-07-15T06:49:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/?p=49284"},"modified":"2024-07-15T09:49:04","modified_gmt":"2024-07-15T06:49:04","slug":"the-power-of-art","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/the-power-of-art\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0397 \u03a4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf. \u00a0\u039f\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 (Francisco Goya, 1746-1828). \u039f \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03bf \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f \u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u00a0\u03b7 \u03a4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03ac\u03b7<\/em>(1814) \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n

\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc. 43 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u00a0Caprichos\u00a0<\/em>(1798), o \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5: \u00ab\u039f \u03cd\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u00bb.\u00a0 \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03be\u03b7 \u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd,\u00a0\u039f\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5<\/em>\u00a0(1810-1820), \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u00a0\u03a3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1! \u039c\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2! (Grande Haza\u00f1a! Con muertos!),\u00a0<\/em>\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae (\u03b2\u03bb. \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1).<\/p>\n

\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af \u03a4\u03c3\u03ac\u03c0\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd (Jake \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Dinos Chapman), \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1980 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n

\u0391\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae\u00a0 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u039f \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Todorov, \u00ab\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9. \u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b7\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2\u00a0\u0391\u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 (<\/em>Disparates)<\/em>, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2\u00bb. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Todorov \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1: \u00ab\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5 \u03bf \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd\u00bb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u0395\u03bc\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (1936-1939) \u00a0\u00a0\u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0393\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 (1937)<\/em>\u00a0, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf \u03a0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf 33 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2. \u039f \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0399\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae \u0388\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n

\u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 26 \u0391\u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 1937 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u00ab\u039b\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03cc\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u00bb \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd \u03a6\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03ba\u03bf, \u03b2\u03bf\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0393\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (fueros). \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5.<\/p>\n

\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u00a0\u03a4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2, \u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u0391\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u00a0\u0397 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u00a0<\/em>(1626-1630), \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2\u00a0\u03a3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a7\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u00a0<\/em>(1824), \u03bf \u03a0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03b2\u03c1\u03b7, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f \u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb \u0395\u03bb\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 (<\/em>\u00a0La victoire de Guernica)<\/em>: \u00ab\u039f \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\/ \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2\u00bb.<\/p>\n

…<\/p>\n

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Fernando Golvano
\nProfesor of Aesthetics and Theory of the Arts at the University\u00a0of the Basque Country<\/p>\n

<\/em>\u03a0\u0397\u0393\u0397 : he.duth.gr<\/p>\n

EIKONA : Francisco Goya
\nhe.duth.gr<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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