{"id":39965,"date":"2021-03-25T00:02:26","date_gmt":"2021-03-24T22:02:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/?p=39965"},"modified":"2021-03-25T00:53:23","modified_gmt":"2021-03-24T22:53:23","slug":"detecting-liars-part-b-2513b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/detecting-liars-part-b-2513b\/?lang=en","title":{"rendered":"DETECTING LIARS (JOE NAVARRO & MARVIN KARLINS, Ph.D.)| Part B\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

SPECIFIC NONVERBAL BEHAVIORS TO CONSIDER IN DETECTING\u00a0<\/span>DECEPTION<\/span><\/p>\n

As\u00a0Alder<\/span>t Vrij and others have reported, lack of arm movement and lack of\u00a0<\/span>emphasis are suggestive of deception. The problem is there is no way of mea-\u00a0<\/span>suring this, especially in a public or social setting. Nevertheless, strive to note\u00a0<\/span>when it occurs and in what context, especially if it comes after a significant\u00a0<\/span>topic is brought up (Vrij, 2003, 25\u201327). Any sudden change in movement re-\u00a0<\/span>flects brain activity. When arms shift from being animated to being still, there\u00a0<\/span>must be a reason, be it dejection or (possibly) deception.\u00a0<\/span>In my own interviewing experiences, I have noticed that liars will tend to dis-\u00a0<\/span>play less steepling. I also look for the white knuckles of the individual who\u00a0<\/span>grabs the chair armrest in a fixed manner as though in an \u201cejector seat.\u201d Un-\u00a0<\/span>fortunately, for this uncomfortable person, ejection from the discussion is\u00a0 <\/span>often impossible. Many criminal investigators have found that when the head,\u00a0<\/span>neck, arms, and legs are held in place with little movement and the hands and\u00a0<\/span>arms are clutching the armrest, such behavior is very much consistent with\u00a0<\/span>those who are about to deceive, but again, it is not definitive (Schafer & Navar-\u00a0<\/span>ro, 2003, 66) (see figure 88).\u00a0<\/span>Interestingly, as individuals make declarative statements that are false, they\u00a0<\/span>will avoid touching not only other people, but objects such as a podium or\u00a0<\/span>table as well. I have never seen or heard a person who is lying yell affirmatively,\u00a0<\/span>\u201cI didn\u2019t do it,\u201d while pounding his fist on the table. Usually what I have seen\u00a0<\/span>are very weak, nonemphatic statements, with gestures that are equally mild.\u00a0<\/span>People who are being deceptive lack commitment and confidence in what they\u00a0<\/span>are saying. Although their thinking brain (neocortex) will decide what to say in\u00a0<\/span>order to mislead, their emotive brain (the limbic system\u2014the honest part of\u00a0<\/span>the brain) simply will not be committed to the ruse, and therefore will not\u00a0<\/span>emphasize their statements using nonverbal behaviors (such as gestures). The sentiments of the limbic brain are hard to override. Try to smile fully at some-\u00a0one you dislike. It is extremely difficult to do. As with a false or fake smile, false\u00a0statements come with weak or passive nonverbals<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sitting for long periods in a chair, as though flash frozen in an ejector\u00a0<\/span>seat, is evidence of high stress and discomfort.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0The Rogatory Position\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0When a person places his outstretched arms in front of his body, with palms\u00a0<\/span>up,\u00a0this\u00a0is\u00a0known\u00a0as\u00a0the\u00a0rogatory\u00a0(or\u00a0\u201cprayerful\u201d)\u00a0display\u00a0(see\u00a0figure\u00a089).\u00a0Those\u00a0<\/span>who worship will turn their palms up to God to ask for mercy. Likewise, cap-\u00a0<\/span>tured\u00a0soldiers\u00a0will\u00a0turn\u00a0up\u00a0their\u00a0palms\u00a0as\u00a0they\u00a0approach\u00a0their\u00a0captors.\u00a0This\u00a0<\/span>behavior is also seen in individuals who say something when they want you to\u00a0<\/span>believe them. During a discussion, observe the person with whom you are\u00a0<\/span>speaking. When she makes a declarative statement, note whether her hands are\u00a0<\/span>palm up or palm down. During regular conversation in which ideas are being\u00a0<\/span>discussed and neither party is vehemently committed to a particular point, I ex-\u00a0<\/span>pect to see both palm-up and palm-down displays.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n


\nFig. 89 The palms-up or \u201crogatory\u201d position usually indicates the person wants\u00a0to be believed or wants to be accepted. It is not a dominant, confident display.\u00a0\u00a0However, when a person is making a passionate and assertive declaration such as, \u201cYou have to believe me, I did not kill her,\u201d those hands should be\u00a0face down (see figure 90). If the statement is made palms up, the individual\u00a0supplicating to be believed, I would find such a statement highly suspect.\u00a0While this is not definitive, I would question any declarative statement made\u00a0with the palms up. The palm-up position is not very affirmative and suggests\u00a0that the person is asking to be believed. The truthful don\u2019t have to plead to be\u00a0believed; they make a statement and it stands.
\nStatements made palm down are more emphatic and more confident\u00a0than statements made with hands palm up in the rogatory position.\u00a0\u00a0Territorial Displays and Deception When we are confident and comfortable, we spread out. When we are less se-\u00a0cure, we tend to take up less space. In extreme circumstances, distressed peo-\u00a0ple may fold their arms and legs into their own body, assuming an almost fetal\u00a0position. Uncomfortable conversations and interviews can evoke a variety of\u00a0withdrawn postures: arms that are intertwined like a pretzel and\/or ankles that\u00a0are locked in place, sometimes to the point of being almost painful to the ob-\u00a0server. Look especially for dramatic changes in body position that could be in-\u00a0dicative of deception, particularly when they occur concurrently with a specific\u00a0change of topic.\u00a0When we are confident about what we believe or what we are saying, we tend\u00a0to sit up, with shoulders and back wide, exhibiting an erect posture indicative\u00a0of security. When people are being deceitful or are outright lying, they subcon-\u00a0sciously tend to stoop or sink into the furniture as if they are attempting to es-\u00a0cape what is being said\u2014even if they, themselves, are saying it. Those who are\u00a0insecure, or are unsure of themselves, their thoughts, or their beliefs, are likely.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

to reflect this in their posture\u2014usually by stooping slightly, but sometimes\u00a0<\/span>dramatically by lowering their heads and drawing the shoulders up to the ears.\u00a0<\/span>Look for this \u201cturtle effect\u201d whenever people are uncomfortable and are trying\u00a0<\/span>to hide in the open. It is definitely a display of insecurity and discomfort.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0Shoulder Shrugs\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0Although we all shrug at one time or another when we are not sure of some-\u00a0<\/span>thing, liars will give a modified shrug when they are unsure of themselves. The\u00a0<\/span>liar\u2019s shrug is abnormal in that it is abridged and customized because the per-\u00a0<\/span>son manifesting it is not fully committed to what is being expressed. If only\u00a0<\/span>one shoulder comes up, or if the shoulders rise nearly to the ears and the per-\u00a0<\/span>son\u2019s head seems to disappear, it is a sign of high discomfort and sometimes\u00a0<\/span>seen in an individual preparing to answer a question deceptively.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Part A’: https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/detecting-liars-part-a-2513a\/?lang=en<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

What Every Body is Saying<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

JOE NAVARRO & MARVIN KARLINS<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

SPECIFIC NONVERBAL BEHAVIORS TO CONSIDER IN DETECTING\u00a0DECEPTION As\u00a0Aldert Vrij and others have reported, lack of arm movement and lack of\u00a0emphasis are suggestive of deception. The problem is there is no way of mea-\u00a0suring this, especially in a public or social setting. Nevertheless, strive to note\u00a0when…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39955,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?fit=900%2C609&ssl=1","rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?fit=900%2C609&ssl=1",900,609,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg",900,609,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg",900,609,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?fit=300%2C203&ssl=1",300,203,true],"large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?fit=900%2C609&ssl=1",900,609,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?fit=900%2C609&ssl=1",900,609,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?fit=900%2C609&ssl=1",900,609,true],"portfolio-square":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=570%2C570&ssl=1",570,570,true],"portfolio-portrait":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=600%2C609&ssl=1",600,609,true],"portfolio-landscape":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1",800,600,true],"menu-featured-post":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=345%2C198&ssl=1",345,198,true],"qode-carousel_slider":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=400%2C260&ssl=1",400,260,true],"portfolio_slider":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=500%2C380&ssl=1",500,380,true],"portfolio_masonry_regular":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=500%2C500&ssl=1",500,500,true],"portfolio_masonry_wide":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=900%2C500&ssl=1",900,500,true],"portfolio_masonry_tall":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=500%2C609&ssl=1",500,609,true],"portfolio_masonry_large":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=900%2C609&ssl=1",900,609,true],"portfolio_masonry_with_space":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?fit=700%2C474&ssl=1",700,474,true],"latest_post_boxes":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=539%2C303&ssl=1",539,303,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1",300,300,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?fit=600%2C406&ssl=1",600,406,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/post-2513b.jpg?resize=100%2C100&ssl=1",100,100,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Philosophy<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"SPECIFIC NONVERBAL BEHAVIORS TO CONSIDER IN DETECTING\u00a0DECEPTION As\u00a0Aldert Vrij and others have reported, lack of arm movement and lack of\u00a0emphasis are suggestive of deception. The problem is there is no way of mea-\u00a0suring this, especially in a public or social setting. Nevertheless, strive to note\u00a0when...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39965"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39965"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39965\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39966,"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39965\/revisions\/39966"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lecturesbureau.gr\/1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}